| 1 | Medium-Voltage Distribution Transformer | Primary: 6–35 kV Secondary: 0.4–0.69 kV | 100 kVA–5 MVA | Oil-immersed or cast-resin | Factories, commercial facilities, warehouses, and utility-fed industrial sites | Steps medium voltage down to a usable low-voltage supply | Load profile, indoor or outdoor installation, fire-safety requirements, and available fault level | IEC 60076 series |
| 2 | Power Transformer | Typically above 35 kV on the high-voltage side | 10–500+ MVA | Oil-immersed, ONAN/ONAF | Industrial substations, utility interconnections, and large process plants | Transfers large amounts of electrical power efficiently between voltage levels | System voltage, short-circuit strength, transport limits, cooling capability, and grid connection requirements | IEC 60076 series |
| 3 | Furnace Transformer | Primary: commonly 6–35 kV Secondary: low voltage, high current | 5–100+ MVA | Forced-oil or water-cooled designs | Electric arc furnaces, ladle furnaces, and metal-melting operations | Supplies very high current for melting and refining processes | Furnace duty cycle, harmonic content, short-circuit forces, tap-changing method, and thermal stresses | IEC 60076 series and project-specific furnace requirements |
| 4 | Rectifier Transformer | Input commonly 6–35 kV Output depends on the rectifier system | 1–100+ MVA | Oil-immersed with auxiliary cooling | Electrolysis, traction substations, electroplating, and DC industrial drives | Provides a controlled AC supply for conversion into DC power | Pulse number, harmonics, DC current, phase-shifting arrangement, insulation coordination, and duty cycle | IEC 60076 series and applicable rectifier-transformer specifications |
| 5 | Converter or VFD Transformer | Primary: typically 6–35 kV Secondary: low voltage or medium voltage | 500 kVA–20+ MVA | Cast-resin or oil-immersed | Variable-frequency drives, pumps, compressors, fans, conveyors, and mills | Supplies power electronic converters while helping manage voltage and harmonic effects | Converter topology, harmonic spectrum, insulation stress, overload profile, and required impedance | IEC 60076 series and drive-system specifications |
| 6 | Dry-Type Cast-Resin Transformer | Primary: up to 35 kV is common Secondary: low voltage | 100 kVA–20 MVA | AN or AF air cooling | Indoor plants, hospitals, data centers, underground facilities, and high-fire-risk locations | Provides electrical transformation without liquid insulation | Ventilation, ambient temperature, altitude, noise, partial discharge, and enclosure protection | IEC 60076-11 |
| 7 | Oil-Immersed Industrial Transformer | Low voltage through high-voltage transmission classes | 100 kVA–500+ MVA | ONAN, ONAF, OFAF, or OFWF | Outdoor substations, heavy industry, mining, renewable-energy collection systems, and process plants | Offers high power density and effective insulation and heat transfer | Fire protection, oil containment, environmental conditions, maintenance access, and cooling-stage requirements | IEC 60076 series |
| 8 | Ferroresonant or Constant-Voltage Transformer | Usually low-voltage input and output | 0.5–100 kVA | Air-cooled | Control systems, instrumentation, automation panels, and sensitive electronic loads | Improves voltage regulation and can provide limited power conditioning | Load type, regulation range, waveform requirements, heat generation, and compatibility with modern electronic loads | Applicable low-voltage transformer and equipment standards |
| 9 | Grounding Transformer | Matches the medium- or high-voltage system | Typically rated by neutral current and short-time duration | Oil-immersed or dry-type | Ungrounded or delta-connected industrial power systems | Creates a neutral point and provides a controlled path for ground-fault current | Zero-sequence impedance, neutral grounding resistor rating, fault duration, and system protection coordination | IEC 60076 series and grounding-system requirements |
| 10 | Isolation Transformer | Commonly 400–690 V on both sides, or as specified | 1 kVA–5 MVA | Dry-type or oil-immersed | Maintenance supplies, medical or special-purpose facilities, control circuits, and equipment isolation | Provides galvanic separation between the source and the load | Insulation level, leakage capacitance, grounding arrangement, inrush current, shielding, and required efficiency | IEC 60076 series and applicable installation standards |