| 1 | Generator step-up transformer | Raises generator output voltage for connection to a transmission network, helping reduce current for a given transmitted power. | Power stations, including thermal, hydroelectric, and nuclear generation facilities. | Usually an oil-immersed power transformer; insulation, cooling, and protection are selected for the generator and grid duty. |
| 2 | Transmission substation transformer | Changes voltage between transmission-system levels to support power transfer and network interconnection. | Transmission substations and major grid interconnections. | Often oil-immersed, with cooling and monitoring arrangements specified for its load, site, and operating conditions. |
| 3 | Distribution transformer | Steps distribution voltage down to a level suitable for local distribution and end-user supply. | Utility networks, commercial districts, residential areas, and industrial sites. | May be oil-immersed or dry-type; installation location, safety requirements, and maintenance access influence the choice. |
| 4 | Industrial power transformer | Adapts supply voltage to the requirements of industrial equipment and plant distribution systems. | Manufacturing plants, mines, processing facilities, and large industrial campuses. | Designed around load profile, starting currents, harmonics, environmental conditions, and required protection. |
| 5 | Renewable-energy collection transformer | Connects generation equipment to a plant collection system and may raise voltage for export to the grid. | Wind farms, solar photovoltaic plants, and other renewable-energy projects. | May be installed in a substation or near generation equipment; design accounts for variable output and site conditions. |
| 6 | Traction transformer | Supplies or adapts electrical power for railway traction systems; the arrangement depends on the railway electrification scheme. | Railway substations, electric rail networks, and traction-power installations. | Specified for railway duty, including the relevant supply system, load variation, and operating environment. |
| 7 | Data-center transformer | Provides voltage transformation within electrical distribution paths supplying critical loads. | Data centers, server rooms, and other facilities requiring highly available power. | Selection considers redundancy architecture, loading, efficiency, harmonics, fire-safety requirements, and room constraints. |
| 8 | Rectifier transformer | Supplies a rectifier system and may provide a secondary arrangement suited to the required DC conversion process. | Industrial DC drives, electrochemical processes, and high-power conversion installations. | Designed for the rectifier’s electrical characteristics, including waveform distortion and harmonic currents. |
| 9 | Electric-furnace transformer | Provides the electrical supply characteristics required by furnace equipment, often with a low-voltage, high-current output. | Steelmaking, foundries, and other electric-furnace processes. | Built for demanding process duty; mechanical strength, thermal performance, and operating cycle are key considerations. |
| 10 | Isolation transformer | Uses separate primary and secondary windings to provide electrical isolation while transferring AC power. | Industrial control systems, sensitive equipment, laboratories, and installations requiring electrical separation. | Voltage ratio, insulation level, grounding arrangement, and shielding requirements depend on the application. |