| 1 | Petroleum-Solvent Penetrating Oil | Light mineral oil combined with volatile petroleum solvents and corrosion inhibitors | Very thin liquid; commonly below 10 mm²/s at 40°C after solvent evaporation is excluded | Light oily film | Rusty nuts, bolts, hinges, threaded fasteners and general maintenance | Fast capillary action; widely compatible with carbon steel and common machinery | Flammable vapors may be present; solvent exposure can affect some plastics, paints and elastomers |
| 2 | Low-Viscosity Mineral Oil | Highly refined mineral base oil with anti-rust and anti-wear additives | Thin liquid, typically about 5–20 mm²/s at 40°C | Persistent oily film | Lightly corroded fasteners, small mechanisms, tools and electrical-mechanical assemblies | Good lubrication and short-term corrosion protection; low evaporation compared with solvent-rich products | Usually penetrates slower than solvent-containing oils and may attract dust |
| 3 | Synthetic Hydrocarbon Penetrant | Synthetic hydrocarbon fluids, often with low-temperature and corrosion-inhibiting additives | Low and stable viscosity across a broad temperature range | Clean, light film | Industrial equipment, outdoor maintenance and assemblies exposed to temperature changes | Good oxidation stability, low-temperature flow and consistent penetration | Often costs more than conventional mineral-oil products; compatibility must be checked for sensitive polymers |
| 4 | Water-Displacing Rust Penetrant | Water-repellent hydrocarbon carrier with polar additives and corrosion inhibitors | Thin, mobile liquid | Water-repellent oily film | Wet fasteners, marine maintenance, damp tools and parts exposed to condensation | Helps separate water from metal surfaces while providing temporary corrosion protection | Not a substitute for a heavy-duty grease or long-term rust-preventive coating |
| 5 | Bio-Based or Readily Biodegradable Penetrant | Vegetable-derived esters or synthetic biodegradable esters with performance additives | Low to medium viscosity; commonly about 10–50 mm²/s at 40°C | Oily, sometimes tackier film | Forestry, agriculture, construction, marine work and environmentally sensitive sites | Lower aquatic persistence potential than many conventional mineral-oil formulations | May have lower oxidation stability or shorter storage life; biodegradability claims require product-specific testing |
| 6 | Molybdenum-Disulfide Penetrating Lube | Penetrating oil containing finely dispersed molybdenum disulfide solid lubricant | Thin liquid with dark gray to black appearance | Lubricating film with solid-particle residue | Heavily loaded threads, high-pressure joints and slow-moving metal interfaces | Solid lubricant can reduce friction and help prevent galling during release | Can stain surfaces; not suitable where dark residue or particle contamination is unacceptable |
| 7 | Graphite-Enhanced Penetrating Oil | Light penetrating carrier with dispersed graphite particles | Thin liquid; visibly dark | Dry or semi-dry graphite-containing film | High-temperature threaded parts, locks and slow-moving metal assemblies | Graphite provides solid-film lubrication when much of the liquid carrier has evaporated | Graphite may promote galvanic corrosion when in direct contact with some aluminum alloys; leaves visible residue |
| 8 | PTFE-Enhanced Penetrating Lube | Low-viscosity oil or solvent carrier containing dispersed polytetrafluoroethylene particles | Thin liquid with a low-friction finish after application | Light, low-friction film | Fine mechanisms, sliding interfaces, light-duty fasteners and general workshop use | Low coefficient of friction and generally clean appearance compared with graphite products | The deposited film is not intended for extreme-pressure loads; excess product can collect dust |
| 9 | Foaming Aerosol Penetrant | Penetrating oil delivered through an aerosol system that forms a temporary foam or cling layer | Foam or clingy liquid that later collapses into an oil film | Light to medium oily residue | Vertical joints, overhead fasteners and hard-to-reach corrosion points | Clings to surfaces and improves contact time with less immediate run-off | Aerosol packaging is subject to transport, storage and flammability requirements; overspray control is necessary |
| 10 | Silicone-Based Penetrating Lube | Silicone fluid with solvent or carrier and corrosion-protection additives | Very slick, low-to-medium viscosity liquid | Persistent water-repellent film | Rubber seals, plastic components, lightly corroded hinges and moisture-prone mechanisms | Good water repellency and broad temperature capability; generally useful around many elastomers | Usually weaker for heavily seized metal threads than dedicated solvent-rich penetrating oils; may interfere with subsequent painting or bonding |