| Film Thickness | 0.15–0.50 mm | Thickness affects flexibility, cushioning, print handling, and the perceived three-dimensional effect. | Choose thinner film for flexible graphics and thicker film for stronger protective or raised effects. | Measure at several points with a calibrated thickness gauge. |
| Hardness | Approximately 70–95 Shore A | Hardness determines softness, touch feel, compression resistance, and ease of forming around curved surfaces. | Select a softer grade for a jelly-like touch and a firmer grade for improved dimensional support. | Test according to ASTM D2240 or an equivalent Shore A method. |
| Tensile Strength | Typically 15–35 MPa | Higher tensile strength helps the film resist tearing during cutting, stretching, lamination, and installation. | Use a higher-strength grade for highly handled products or applications with repeated flexing. | Test using ASTM D638 or an equivalent tensile test standard. |
| Elongation at Break | Approximately 300–700% | High elongation allows the film to conform to curves and absorb movement without cracking. | Choose a grade above 400% elongation when deep forming or strong flexibility is required. | Measure with a controlled tensile test and record the conditioning temperature. |
| Surface Energy | Commonly 32–42 dynes/cm before treatment | Surface energy influences ink wetting, dot formation, color density, and print adhesion. | For UV printing, select a film with a print-receptive surface or use corona or plasma treatment when necessary. | Check with dyne pens and confirm adhesion with a cross-hatch tape test. |
| UV Ink Adhesion | Target: 4B–5B classification | Good adhesion prevents image lifting, edge chipping, and ink separation during bending or handling. | Prioritize a film and ink combination that maintains adhesion after stretching and humidity exposure. | Use ASTM D3359 cross-hatch testing after curing and conditioning. |
| Light Transmission | Approximately 60–95%, depending on haze and color | Transparency affects color brightness, depth perception, and the visual quality of layered or illuminated designs. | Use higher-transmission film for clear jelly effects and controlled haze for softer light diffusion. | Measure total transmittance and haze with an optical haze meter. |
| Dimensional Stability | Typical shrinkage target: ≤2% after conditioning | Low shrinkage helps preserve registration, image dimensions, and edge alignment during printing and post-processing. | Choose low-shrinkage film for multilayer graphics, precision die-cutting, and repeatable production. | Condition samples and compare marked dimensions before and after heat and humidity exposure. |
| Temperature Resistance | Common service range: approximately −20°C to 80°C | Temperature performance affects flexibility, print stability, and resistance to deformation during storage and use. | Select a grade tested for the highest expected operating and transport temperature. | Perform low- and high-temperature conditioning followed by visual and adhesion inspection. |
| Surface Finish | Gloss: typically 70–95 GU at 60°; matte: generally below 30 GU | Gloss level influences color saturation, reflections, fingerprint visibility, and the perceived depth of the 3D effect. | Choose high gloss for vivid colors and a wet-look appearance, or matte for reduced glare. | Measure gloss at 60° using a calibrated gloss meter. |
| Chemical and Moisture Resistance | Should resist water, mild detergents, and common handling contaminants | Resistance supports color stability, surface cleanliness, and service life in humid or frequently handled environments. | Request testing with the actual cleaning agents, oils, or chemicals expected in the final application. | Use immersion or wipe testing followed by adhesion, appearance, and flexibility checks. |
| Environmental Profile | TPU is thermoplastic and can be recyclable where suitable collection systems exist | Material composition, additives, and end-of-life options affect compliance and sustainability objectives. | Request material documentation, restricted-substance declarations, and recycling guidance before purchase. | Review technical data sheets, safety documents, and relevant compliance test reports. |